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Submarine Operational Effectiveness in the 20th Century

Part One (1900 - 1939)

A very new weapons system, the lurking submarine with its self-propelled torpedoes fired from ambush changed the complexion of naval warfare forever. Both warships and merchant ships were at risk. In 1914 U-boats demonstrated their capability to sink major warships. During 1915 they turned their attention to merchant ships and began to sink or capture them in wholesale lots. U-boats nearly won the First World War for Germany by forcing Great Britain into peace negotiations in late 1917. U-boats sank or captured over 6,100 ships during WW I. In April 1917 England had only six weeks grain supply left, and apparently had no adequate way to deal with the unrestricted U-boat offensive that Germany unleashed in February of that year. Submarine Operational Effectiveness in the 20th Century deals with the first strategic submarine campaign and its outcome. It goes on to outline submarine development by major nations during the 1920s and 1930s, including submarine use during the Spanish Civil War. It ends in 1939, on the eve of World War Two, a war in which two massive submarine campaigns would be waged: the first by Nazi Germany against the Allies; and the second by the United States against the Empire of Japan.

Part One (1900 - 1939) Captain John F. O'Connell. OPERATIONAL
EFFECTIVENESS IN TIE 20TH CENTURY PART DNE (19DD - 1939) CAPTAIN
JDHN F. □'□□NNELL, USN (RET.) SUBMARINE OPERATIONAL
EFFECTIVENESS IN THE 20TII CENTURY iUniverse, Inc. New. SUBMARINE
Front Cover.

Increasing the Effectiveness of the International Court of Justice

Proceedings of the ICJ/UNITAR Colloquium to Celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the Court, the Peace Palace, 16-18 April 1996

In April 1996 the ICJ/UNITAR "Colloquium on Increasing the Effectiveness of the Court" brought together from all corners of the world judges, legal advisers, practitioners of international law and jurists. It provided an unprecedented opportunity for an in-depth and detailed exchange of views not only on the Court's performance to date, but also on its future role, as well as on possible ways and means of enhancing its operation. There were some fifteen panels, covering subjects ranging from the Court's jurisprudence to its working methods, from assessment of its achievements to evaluation of its ability to handle issues arising from space exploration and the growing concern for the environment. All in all, it was a most comprehensive approach to the subject. This publication, which presents the papers delivered at the Colloquium and the discussions which took place around them, accordingly constitutes instructive reading for all who are concerned with the management and peaceful resolution of disputes. I hope for its widest possible dissemination.' "From the Foreword by Kofi A. Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations,"

I hope for its widest possible dissemination.' "From the Foreword by Kofi A. Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations,"

The Effectiveness of Airpower in the 20th Century

Part Two (1939-1945)

"This volume ... looks at the air arms of seven nations engaged in [World War II]: France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, the USSR and the United States. Selected campaigns are discussed in detail to illustrate how national pre-war airpower doctrine was applied, and what results were achieved."--Preface.

"This volume ... looks at the air arms of seven nations engaged in [World War II]: France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, the USSR and the United States.

Who Do They Think They Are?

Teenage Girls & Their Avatars in Spaces of Social Online Communication

"[Book title] documents a descriptive case study of teenage girls who created autobiographical avatars for their social online spaces. It explores the complex and often conflcited negotiations behind girlhood identity and representation in a cyber-social world."--Back cover.

By admitting that she hadn't decided if she was going to share her condition with
us she indicated an acknowledgment of the anonymity that online sites provide.
After subsequent discussions, Livie revealed that she had felt safe and
comfortable in this site, and that factored into her choice to share her TSC with
others. What that ... However, rather than having her avatar wear a pair of glasses
that weren't the same style, she opted to have her avatar not wear glasses at all.
In real life ...

Focus on IELTS

This book "is a comprehensive, integrated course for students preparing to take the International English Language Testing System examination for universoty entrance or professional purposes. It provides essential information and advice about IELTS modules and tasks, graded exam skills development and exam practice tasks, and an invaluable end section providing supplementary language and writing practice." -- back cover.

Mencari strategi pengembangan pendidikan nasional menjelang abad XXI

Development of education in Indonesia towards the 21st century; papers of a seminar.

Penutup Pembenahan pendidikan guru tidak akan membawa dampak
sebagaimana dikehendaki apabila tidak disimak peta permasalahannya yang
utuh — kebutuhan akan guru yang besar jenis dan jumlahnya dan dalam
penyebaran yang tepat di satu pihak, dan rendahnya minat untuk memasuki
bidang profesi tersebut di pihak lain, disebabkan oleh kurang menarik dan
kurang membetahkan sistem penghargaan yang ditawarkan, padahal
kemungkinan peranannya di dalam ...

The Cognitive Development of Reading and Reading Comprehension

Learning to read may be the most complex cognitive operation that children are expected to master, and the latest research in cognitive development has offered important insights into how children succeed or fail at this task. The Cognitive Development of Reading and Reading Comprehension is a multidisciplinary, evidence-based resource for teachers and researchers that examines reading comprehension from a cognitive development perspective, including the principal theories and methods used in the discipline. The book combines research into basic cognitive processes—genetics, perception, memory, executive functioning, and language—with an investigation of the effects that context and environment have on literacy outcomes, making clear how factors such as health, family life, community, policy, and ecology can influence children’s cognitive development.

However, much less is known about the path toward successful reading
comprehension because relatively little research ... of chronological age, reading
age, and IQ are influential in the development of oculomotor control during
reading.