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Explaining Islamist Insurgencies: The Case Of Al-jamaah Al-islamiyyah And The Radicalisation Of The Poso Conflict, 2000-2007

Since 9/11 many books have been published on Islamic terrorism, but few of these have considered the issue from the perspective of strategic studies or in terms of an “insurgency.” As a result, much of this literature ignores the process of radicalisation and fails to ascertain why some people turn to terrorism, while others from the same background do not. To counter this trend, Explaining Islamist Insurgencies explains how and why the process of Islamist radicalisation is an important step towards acts of terrorism and in the formation of terrorist organisations by focusing on Poso, a small town in Indonesia that experienced years of armed sectarian conflict between Muslim and Chrisitian communities in 2000-2007. Building on the frameworks provided by previous studies, Muhammed Tito Karnavian employs communications theory to explore the necessary precursors for the legitimising ideology, in this case Salafi-jihadism, to be effectively disseminated.With nearly 20 years of experience in academia and counter-terrorism operations in Indonesia, and as the current Chief of Papua Police, Karnavian employs his unparalleled access to information and individuals to delineate the various stages of the radicalisation of the Poso conflict and how radical organisations, such as al-Jamaah al-Islamiyyah (JI), came to be involved. This unique first-hand account of a counter-terrorist operation concludes by offering general policy implications that will be of use to both academics and practitioners.

28 Sofyan Djumpai alias Pian was one of the few MKK. 24Interview with Ardin
Janato alias Rojak, Ampana Prison, Ampana, 13 December 2009. 25Interview
with Farid Podungge, Poso, 16 May 2010. 26Interview with Husein Durasi
Simalata, Poso, 14 May 2010. 27Interview with Haikal Bandang, Poso, 12 May
2010. 28Interview with Arman, Poso, 11 May 2010. 29Interview with Sofyan
Djumpai, Poso, 15 May 2010. 30Interview with Third Causal Factor: Legitimising
Ideology 173.

The Father of Jihad

'Abd Allāh 'Azzām's Jihad Ideas and Implications to National Security

This study revolves around the jihad ideas of 'Abd Allāh 'Azzām — an iconic figure in the study of militant jihad in the 20th century, history of Afghan jihad against the Soviet Union, Al-Qaeda and current threat of terrorism. This study has several objectives: to render an in-depth description of his ideas by way of a review of his writing, hitherto little referenced in the literature;to identify how these ideas have inspired so many to participate in militant jihad in the Soviet-Afghan war, and indeed elsewhere;to highlight the internal contradictions and inconsistencies in 'Azzām's ideas, and to juxtapose these ideas with contemporary jihadism;to identify specific aspects of 'Azzām's ideas in order to extract key lessons for counter-ideology work within the framework of counter-terrorism. The study concludes and makes three key arguments/observations on 'Azzām's jihad ideas; 'Azzām's success in mobilising Muslims for jihad in Afghanistan was not due to his jihad ideas alone, although they mattered to him and were important tools for mobilisation. The study identifies two other non-ideational structural factors that were critical in effecting his mobilisation;some aspects of 'Azzām's jihad ideas have serious implications on national security; some of 'Azzām's jihad ideas diverge from dominant ideas held by current jihadist groups like Al-Qaeda and these could potentially be used to counter contemporary jihad ideas and practices of jihadists. Contents:Jihad Ideas of 'Abd Allāh 'Azzām: Making the Case for a Case StudyShades of Jihad Ideas and Trail of Militant Viewpoint'Abd Allāh 'Azzām's Jihad IdeasFraming Jihad for MobilisationThe Implication of 'Azzām's Ideas for National Security'Azzām & Beyond: Insights for Current Counter-Jihadism Work Readership: Academicians, policymakers, intelligence and counter-terrorism professionals, security specialists. Key Features:First original in-depth study of 'Azzām's jihad ideas in English. 'Azzām is an interest to any researcher on jihadism and Al-QaedaRelevant to the current problem of countering jihadist terrorism. It offers suggestions for effective counter ideology against jihadismWill be of interest to researchers of social mobilization and framing theory because it uses framing theory to analyse 'Azzām's ideas. It will also appeal to policymakersKeywords:Abdullah 'Azzām;Jihad;Jihadism;Terrorism;National Security;Jihad Ideas;Jihad Strands;Countering Terrorism

This not only increased the territory of Dar Al-Islam but also brought wealth to
Muslims and increased the Muslim population — an effect that in the later years
turned Islam into a political and civilisational hegemony, which commanded
respect and struck fear in the hearts of infidels.34 According to `Azzam, the glory
of Islam was achieved because the early Muslims held jihad as a way of life. Like
any great civilisation, the glorious history of Islam was written in blood, and
therefore its ...

Memory and Awareness in Anaesthesia IV

Whilst the incidence of memory and awareness in anaesthesia appears not to be on the increase, the phenomenon is receiving growing attention from patients, anaesthetists, researchers and, of course, the media. This volume brings together recent advances in the wide-ranging area of research into this multi-faceted phenomenon. It is divided into four sections: monitoring depth of anaesthesia, learning and memory in anaesthesia, clinical measurement and brain function during anaesthesia, and awareness and psychological consequences of awareness during anaesthesia. Contents:Awareness During General Anaesthesia — What Are We Monitoring? (J G Jones)Facial Electromyography Using “FACE”: Logic, Neurophysiology and Clinical Utility (H L Bennett)Inside the Bispectral Index (I J Rampil)Detection and Quantification of Phasecoupling in Anaesthesia-EEG by Bicoherence Spectral Analysis (W Nahm et al.)Quantitative EEG Assessment of Changes in the Level of Sedation/Hypnosis During Surgery Under General Anaesthesia (L S Prichep et al.)Automatic Analysis of Auditory Evoked Potentials by Means of Wavelet Analysis (G Stockmanns et al.)The Contribution of Surgery to Learning and Memory in Anaesthesia (J Andrade et al.)Effect of Midazolam on Memory for an Aversive Event: Sedative, Affective or Mnemonic Processes? (L Pain et al.)The Effects of Trauma on Memory: Implications for Awareness Under Anaesthesia (B A van der Kolk & J E Osterman)Mechanisms and Sites of Action of General Anaesthetics (I J Rampil)Conscious Sedation with Propofol: Preliminary Observations Using Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging (R A Veselis et al.)Evoked Potentials to Complex “Musical” Tones and the Importance of Chronometry for Consciousness and Awareness (S J Jones)A Randomised, Double Blind Investigation of Postoperative Memory for Information Presented Intraoperatively During Total Intravenous Anaesthesia (I F Russell & M Wang)Asymmetric Dose-Related Effects of Midazolam on Regional Cerebral Blood Flow (R A Veselis et al.)The Psychological Consequences of Awareness During Surgery (M Wang)and other papers Readership: Anaesthetists, psychologists, scientists and engineers. Keywords:Memory;Awareness;Anaesthesia;Phenomenon;Learning;Clinical;Brain;Psychological;Electromyography;PET;EEG;Monitoring;Auditors

This volume brings together recent advances in the wide-ranging area of research into this multi-faceted phenomenon.

Principles and Advanced Methods in Medical Imaging and Image Analysis

Computerized medical imaging and image analysis have been the central focus in diagnostic radiology. They provide revolutionarizing tools for visualization of physiology as well as the understanding and quantitative measurement of physiological parameters. This book provides a unique depth of knowledge from the principles to recent advanced methods in medical imaging instrumentation and techniques as well as multidimensional image analysis and classification methods for research, education and applications in computer-aided diagnostic radiology. Internationally renowned researchers and experts in their respective areas provide detailed description of the basic foundation as well as the most recent developments in medical imaging. This book helps readers to understand theoretical and advanced concepts for important research and clinical applications.

This book helps readers to understand theoretical and advanced concepts for important research and clinical applications.

Fundamentals of Solar Astronomy

There are several textbooks available on solar astronomy which deal with advanced astrophysical aspects of solar physics, and books which provide very elementary knowledge about the Sun. This book will help to bridge the gap. It aims to stimulate interest in solar astronomy, presenting at one place the basic methods and techniques used in the field, together with the latest findings and the excitement in solar physics. As solar astronomy is becoming very popular among amateur astronomers and laymen, the book provides the practical knowledge to build simple solar telescopes and other equipment for making solar observations. Amateur astronomers have made important contributions to solar astronomy, and this book will help to guide them in their endeavours. The book can also serve as a text for undergraduate and graduate students starting out on solar physics. Using it, graduate students can easily embark on specific topics of research in solar astronomy.

At this point George Gamow came to rescue and proposed that in the strange
world of atomic particles this simple argument ... As physicists gained insight into
nuclear physics, they proposed that the 'carbon cycle' was the essential source of
 ...

Fundamentals in Hadronic Atom Theory

Hadronic atoms provide a unique laboratory for studying hadronic interactions essentially at threshold. This text is the first book-form exposition of hadronic atom theory with emphasis on recent developments, both theoretical and experimental. Since the underlying Hamiltonian is a non-self-adjoined operator, the theory goes beyond traditional quantum mechanics and this book covers topics that are often glossed over in standard texts on nuclear physics. The material contained here is intended for the advanced student and researcher in nuclear, atomic or elementary-particle physics. A good knowledge of quantum mechanics and familiarity with nuclear physics are presupposed. Contents:Theoretical Background:Hadronic Atoms — An OverviewExtended Quantum Mechanical FrameworkCoulomb Wave FunctionsCoulomb Propagator and Scattering OperatorsTwo-Potential Scattering FormalismBound States and Low-Energy ScatteringAtomic SpectrumGamow States and Completeness ProblemX-Ray Transition RateComputational MethodsExamplesChiral Theory PrimerComparison with Experiment:Two-Meson Atomic Bound StatesHadronic HydrogenHadronic DeuteriumHadronic Atoms with A≥4 Readership: Graduate students and academics in nuclear, atomic, high-energy, computational, quantum and theoretical physics. Keywords:Advanced Quantum Mechanics;Atomic Physics;Elementary Particle Physics;Nuclear Physics

This text is the first book-form exposition of hadronic atom theory with emphasis on recent developments, both theoretical and experimental.

Fundamentals of Nuclear Models

Foundational Models

This book reviews the basic models and theories of nuclear structure and gives an in-depth analysis of their experimental and mathematical foundations. It shows the relationships between the models and exhibits the value of following the strategy of: looking for patterns in all the data available, developing phenomenological models to explain them, and finally giving the models a foundation in a fundamental microscopic theory of interacting neutrons and protons. This unique book takes a newcomer from an introduction to nuclear structure physics to the frontiers of the subject along a painless path. It provides both the experimental and mathematical foundations of the essential models in a way that is accessible to a broad range of experimental and theoretical physicists. Thus, the book provides a unique resource and an exposition of the essential principles, mathematical structures, assumptions, and observational data on which the models and theories are based. It avoids discussion of many non-essential variations and technical details of the models.

This book reviews the basic models and theories of nuclear structure and gives an in-depth analysis of their experimental and mathematical foundations.

Managing Knowledge for Global and Collaborative Innovations

In today''s networked and interconnected world, improving communication, collaboration and knowledge sharing between people and organization is very important. Collaboration is more than just being connected through the Internet and various forms of social networks. Collaboration through information and communication technologies requires us to OC prepare the mindOCO for partnerships. Many of the traditional business models, organizational structures, and educational systems are not yet ready for the new forms of collaboration that go beyond organizational boundaries. Concepts like OC open innovationOCO, OC value networksOCO, and OC wisdom of crowdsOCO are some of the ideas that influence our thinking on collaboration and information sharing. This book contains some of the best and most up-to-date work by researchers and practitioners in the field of knowledge management. It provides an insight into knowledge management practices and their applications to a wide range of complex issues. The peer-reviewed papers included in this volume are selected from the prestigious 2009 International Conference on Knowledge management held in Hong Kong. The book is a good reference source for information and knowledge professionals and can be read by both graduate and undergraduate students. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Technological and Knowledge Diffusion Through Innovation Networks (329 KB). Contents: Technological and Knowledge Diffusion Through Innovative Networks (B H Neto et al.); Knowledge Management and Collaboration in Steel Industry: A Case Study (C Sasikala); A New Framework of Knowledge Management Based on the Interaction Between Human Capital and Organizational Capital (Z Fan et al.); Knowledge Management of Healthcare by Clinical-Pathways (T Yamazaki & K Umemoto); Factors Affecting Knowledge Management at a Public Health Institute in Thailand (V Pobkeeree et al.); A Study of Evaluating the Value of Social Tags as Indexing Terms (K Yi); Motivation, Identity, and Authoring of the Wikipedian (J C Shih & C K Farn); Managing Knowledge in a Volunteer-Based Community (J S Huck et al.); Personal Information Management Tools Revisited (Y-K Chang et al.); Systematic Thinking in Knowledge Management (Y Nakamori); Study on the Methods of Identification and Judgment for Opinion Leaders in Public Opinion (Y-J Liu et al.); and other papers. Readership: Students and academics studying and teaching knowledge management; information and knowledge professionals.

This paper portrayed that Knowledge management (KM) is an extension of
librarianship that focuses on both the external and internal information resources
(knowledge) management with the integration of technologies, directed towards
the ...

Inequalities and Applications

World Scientific Series in Applicable Analysis (WSSIAA) reports new developments of a high mathematical standard and of current interest. Each volume in the series is devoted to mathematical analysis that has been applied, or is potentially applicable to the solution of scientific, engineering, and social problems. The third volume of WSSIAA contains 47 research articles on inequalities by leading mathematicians from all over the world and a tribute by R.M. Redheffer to Wolfgang Walter ? to whom this volume is dedicated ? on his 66th birthday.Contributors: A Acker, J D Acz‚l, A Alvino, K A Ames, Y Avishai, C Bandle, B M Brown, R C Brown, D Brydak, P S Bullen, K Deimling, J Diaz, ? Elbert, P W Eloe, L H Erbe, H Esser, M Ess‚n, W D Evans, W N Everitt, V Ferone, A M Fink, R Ger, R Girgensohn, P Goetgheluck, W Haussmann, S Heikkil„, J Henderson, G Herzog, D B Hinton, T Horiuchi, S Hu, B Kawohl, V G Kirby; N Kirchhoff, G H Knightly, H W Knobloch, Q Kong, H K”nig, A Kufner, M K Kwong, A Laforgia, V Lakshmikantham, S Leela, R Lemmert, E R Love, G Lttgens, S Malek, R Man sevich, J Mawhin, R Medina, M Migda, R J Nessel, Z P les, N S Papageorgiou, L E Payne, J Pe?ariŸ, L E Persson, A Peterson, M Pinto, M Plum, J Popenda, G Porru, R M Redheffer, A A Sagle, S Saitoh, D Sather, K Schmitt, D F Shea, A Simon, S Sivasundaram, R Sperb, C S Stanton, G Talenti, G Trombetti, S Varo?anec, A S Vatsala, P Volkmann, H Wang, V Weckesser, F Zanolin, K Zeller, A Zettl.

The third volume of WSSIAA contains 47 research articles on inequalities by leading mathematicians from all over the world and a tribute by R.M. Redheffer to Wolfgang Walter ? to whom this volume is dedicated ? on his 66th birthday ...

Large Scale Structure and Dynamics of Complex Networks

From Information Technology to Finance and Natural Science

This book is the culmination of three years of research effort on a multidisciplinary project in which physicists, mathematicians, computer scientists and social scientists worked together to arrive at a unifying picture of complex networks. The contributed chapters from a reference for the various problems in data analysis visualization and modeling of complex networks.

This book is the culmination of three years of research effort on a multidisciplinary project in which physicists, mathematicians, computer scientists and social scientists worked together to arrive at a unifying picture of complex networks ...