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Learning in the Tenth Century

Liudolf received Swabia after the death of Herman . Otto ruled over Franconia
and Saxony himself. Thus the early policy of Otto was to place relatives in the
duchies, a policy which succeeded for almost fifteen years. Anticipating Otto's first
expedition into Italy, in 951, Liudolf attacked Berengar and suffered defeat at the
hands of the Italians. Together with Duke Conrad of Lorraine Liudolf forced
concessions from the king in 953 which Otto repudiated after he was allowed to
leave Mainz ...