The Little Water syncline is a complex structural feature within the Tendoy thrust sheet which formed during two temporally overlapping deformational episodes during the Late Cretaceous. The NNW-trending Four Eyes Canyon thrust and the structurally lower Tendoy thrust are associated with NE-SW-shortening related to the Cordilleran (Sevier-style) fold-thrust belt. The Tendoy thrust forms the structural front of the Cordilleran fold-thrust belt in southwestern Montana and its detached, NNW-trending overturned limb (of the Little Water syncline) was over-ridden by the Four Eyes Canyon thrust. Earlier research primarily used stratigraphic evidence coupled with geometric interpretations to suggest that: 1) clasts found in the syn-tectonic (Cretaceous) Beaverhead Formation were derived from the Four Eyes Canyon thrust; 2) Laramide-style deformation occurred before emplacement of the Tendoy thrust sheet; and 3) that the Tendoy thrust was then emplaced over the syn-tectonic Beaverhead Formation. The NE-trending (approximately 30o), overturned northern flank (at nearly right angles to the detached overturned limb) of the Little Water syncline has long been argued to be a structural feature associated with NW-SE-shortening (1̃20o) generally related to the Laramide Snowcrest thrust system. In this study of the Little Water syncline, I have used layer-parallel-shortening (LPS) strain-indicators (fossils and pellets) to obtain the initial direction of shortening preserved in: 1) the NNW-trending, detached, vertical-to-overturned, western limb; 2) the steeply-dipping-to-overturned, northwestern limb; and 3) the moderately W-dipping, upright, N-trending eastern limb to determine the initial deformation (Sevier or Laramide) that affected the syncline. When bedding is unfolded, LPS strain: at 11 of 14 sites is consistent with NE-SW-shortening (221o) associated with the Sevier orogeny; at 2 sites is consistent with N-S-shortening; and at 1 site is consistent with E-W-shortening. No sites have LPS strain consistent with NW-SE-shortening. Hence Sevier LPS strain occurred before Laramide deformation. The 3 sites (sites 1, 2, and 5) where LPS strain lies outside of Sevier-shortening (221o +20o), but not within the range of Laramide shortening (1̃10o-290o) likely represent Sevier LPS strain affected by local factors not accounted for in the retro-deformational sequence used to restore bedding to horizontal in this study. .
The Little Water syncline is a complex structural feature within the Tendoy thrust sheet which formed during two temporally overlapping deformational episodes during the Late Cretaceous.
Abandoned Einen Monat ist es nun her, dass Ashley Hals uber Kopf abgehauen und nach New York gezogen ist, wo sie bei einem sympathischen Arzt als Assistentin unterkommen ist. Das Leben in der Grossstadt ist alles andere als einfach, doch Ash setzt sich durch. Auch wenn sie Nacht fur Nacht die widerlichsten Albtraume plagen und ihr Appartement garantiert keine Luxuswohnung ist. Als sie ihre ehemals beste Freundin Tiffany in einem Brief bittet, ihr per Spedition ihre restlichen Sachen zu schicken, entschliesst diese sich kurzerhand, mit Liam personlich nach New York zu reisen. Ash ist uber deren spontan Besuch absolut nicht erfreut. Sie kann und will nicht vergeben, was die zwei ihr angetan haben. Wenn da nur nicht diese alten Gefuhle waren, die sich nicht unterdrucken lassen, und dem, was sich da zwischen ihr und ihrem Boss Dr. Bennet anbahnt, erfolgreich im Wege stehen. Zweiter Teil der Kurzserie "Wicked Play.""
Abandoned Einen Monat ist es nun her, dass Ashley Hals uber Kopf abgehauen und nach New York gezogen ist, wo sie bei einem sympathischen Arzt als Assistentin unterkommen ist.
Richard ist ein gewiefter, erfolgsverwohnter Geschaftsmann, der tunlichst darauf achtet, sich niemals der grossten Gefahr fur jeden Gewinn hinzugeben: Emotionen, schon gar keinen romantischen. Als er eher zufallig auf die widerborstige und mit allen Wassern gewaschene Jane trifft, scheint es fast, als geriete seine Lebensmaxime ins Wanken. Nur hat er keineswegs die Absicht, seine Uberzeugungen aufgrund dieser Seltsamkeiten, die sich Gefuhle nennen, uber Bord zu werfen. ... Jane ubrigens auch nicht."
Richard ist ein gewiefter, erfolgsverwohnter Geschaftsmann, der tunlichst darauf achtet, sich niemals der grossten Gefahr fur jeden Gewinn hinzugeben: Emotionen, schon gar keinen romantischen.
Hydrogen isotope compositions of the martian atmosphere and crustal materials can provide unique insights into the hydrological and geological evolution of Mars. While the present-day deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio (D/H) of the Mars atmosphere is well constrained (~6 times that of terrestrial ocean water), that of its deep silicate interior (specifically, the mantle) is less so. In fact, the hydrogen isotope composition of the primordial martian mantle is of great interest since it has implications for the origin and abundance of water on that planet. Martian meteorites could provide key constraints in this regard, since they crystallized from melts originating from the martian mantle and contain phases that potentially record the evolution of the H2O content and isotopic composition of the interior of the planet over time. Examined here are the hydrogen isotopic compositions of Nominally Anhydrous Phases (NAPs) in eight martian meteorites (five shergottites and three nakhlites) using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). This study presents a total of 113 individual analyses of H2O contents and hydrogen isotopic compositions of NAPs in the shergottites Zagami, Los Angeles, QUE 94201, SaU 005, and Tissint, and the nakhlites Nakhla, Lafayette, and Yamato 000593. The hydrogen isotopic variation between and within meteorites may be due to one or more processes including: interaction with the martian atmosphere, magmatic degassing, subsolidus alteration (including shock), and/or terrestrial contamination. Taking into consideration the effects of these processes, the hydrogen isotope composition of the martian mantle may be similar to that of the Earth. Additionally, this study calculated upper limits on the H2O contents of the shergottite and nakhlite parent melts based on the measured minimum H2O abundances in their maskelynites and pyroxenes, respectively. These calculations, along with some petrogenetic assumptions based on previous studies, were subsequently used to infer the H2O contents of the mantle source reservoirs of the depleted shergottites (200-700 ppm) and the nakhlites (10-100 ppm). This suggests that mantle source of the nakhlites is systematically drier than that of the depleted shergottites, and the upper mantle of Mars may have preserved significant heterogeneity in its H2O content. Additionally, this range of H2O contents is not dissimilar to the range observed for the Earth's upper mantle.
Examined here are the hydrogen isotopic compositions of Nominally Anhydrous Phases (NAPs) in eight martian meteorites (five shergottites and three nakhlites) using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS).
