Sistem pembayaran adalah suatu sistem yang mencakup pengaturan, kontrak/perjanjian, fasilitas operasional, dan mekanisme teknis yang digunakan untuk penyampaian, pengesahan dan penerimaan instruksi pembayaran, serta pemenuhan kewajiban pembayaran melalui pertukaran “nilai” antarperorangan, bank, dan lembaga lainnya baik domestik maupun antarnegara. Dalam prakteknya, transaksi pembayaran dilakukan dengan instrumen tunai dan nontunai. Sistem pembayaran merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari sistem keuangan dan perbankan suatu negara. Keberhasilan sistem pembayaran akan menunjang perkembangan sistem keuangan dan perbankan, sebaliknya risiko ketidaklancaran atau kegagalan sistem pembayaran akan berdampak negatif pada kestabilan ekonomi secara keseluruhan. Berkenaan dengan permasalahan tersebut, maka sistem pembayaran perlu diatur dan dijaga keamanan serta kelancarannya oleh suatu lembaga, dan umumnya dilakukan oleh bank sentral. Keterlibatan bank sentral dalam sistem pembayaran suatu negara dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik sosial ekonomi negara yang bersangkutan. Bank sentral dapat berfungsi sebagai regulator, pengawas, ataupun penyelenggara sistem pembayaran. #BankIndonesia #BankIndonesiaInstitute ----- #Unpad #60thFEBUnpad
Transaksi yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan kartu kredit melibatkan
berbagai pihak yang saling berkepentingan, yang masing-masing terikat dalam
suatu perjanjian. Dalam mekanisme penggunaan kartu kredit terdapat sedikitnya
tiga pihak yang terlibat langsung untuk setiap transaksi penggunaan dan
pembayaran kartu kredit. Pihak-pihak dimaksud adalah bank/lembaga
pembiayaan, merchant 'pedagang', dan card holder 'pemegang kartu'. Fungsi
bank/lembaga pembiayaan ...
Tool wear has been a critical issue in production line nowadays. In turning process, tool wear can create parts that are out-of-tolerance and eventually cause tool failure. The repetition of machining work that subjects on the tool tip interface to a range of cutting environments to comparatively evaluate their effect on tool life. The efficiency of cutting tools can be evaluated based on certain parameters such as tool wear and surface roughness on the work piece. The objective of this project is to determine the best types of coolant and flowrate of coolant on tool wear and surface roughness during turning of high-carbon steel AISI 1065, cold drawn, high temperature with Ti-N coated carbide tool. Furthermore by using straight cutting oil (oil based coolant), water based coolant, and pure water as the coolant on the machining process, the three types of coolant are compared to evaluate the most effective coolant which resulting the less tool wear will be the best coolant. Next, Quadra-Chek 300 Series optical comparator was used to observe and measure the tools wear microstructure occurs on the tool after the turning process by using different types of coolant. For surface roughness test, on surface texture of work pieces that have been machined Perthometer was used. Then, the less surface roughness values were indicated the best coolant. Lastly, the best coolant that suitable use for constant cutting speed 160 m/min, depth of cut 1.5 mm and feed rate 0.22 mm/ rev for material high-carbon steel AISI 1065, cold drawn, high temperature be resulted. The result indicated in general, oil based coolant performed better than other two coolants in reducing the tool wear and improving the surface finish. Oil based coolant has been used as one of the cutting fluids in this work because of its thermal and oxidative stability which is being comparable to other water based coolant and pure water used in the metal cutting industry.
Oil based coolant has been used as one of the cutting fluids in this work because of its thermal and oxidative stability which is being comparable to other water based coolant and pure water used in the metal cutting industry.
On Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial, a social security agency in Indonesia.
